The causes of scoliosis
Scoliosis is called lateral bendingSpine, in which the vertebrae are displaced, twist around the central axis. Characteristic signs of scoliosis of the thoracic spine are asymmetrical position of the shoulders, displacement of the abdomen forward and upward movement of the scapula.
This ailment is dangerous because the spinal column,Twisting, leads to squeezing and deformation of the internal organs, first of all subjecting the vessels, respiratory organs and heart to excessive loading. In extremely severe cases, the patient may have an intercostal hump in his scoliosis.
The reasons why a person developsScoliosis, doctors can not unequivocally name. It is known only that it is most often manifested in children during the period when the spine is intensively growing, that is, from 1 to 17 years, and is much more common in girls. It is noted that the appearance of this disease contributes sedentary sedentary lifestyle, stoop when sitting, wearing a knapsack with books on the same shoulder. Also, scoliosis can develop due to the employment of such sports, in which one half of the body is more stressed than the second. For example, big tennis, throwing the nucleus and others. Weakening of ligaments and violation of muscle tone can also cause illness.
In addition, the development of scoliosis is influenced by such factors:
• Genetic predisposition
• different length of lower limbs
• inflammation of the dorsal muscles
• metabolic disorders in bone tissue
• Tumors of the spine
• diseases of the intestines, kidneys, gall bladder, which are accompanied by pain syndrome on the same side.
• cerebral palsy, poliomyelitis, syringomyelia
• rickets
• hypermobility of the joints;
• various injuries.
Classify scoliosis can be on the following grounds:
• due to origin - whether he is innate or acquired;
• on the activity of the clinical course - whether there is a progression of the disease or not;
• severity of scoliosis;
• chronologically, by age of patients - infant, Scoliosis in children, Youthful, adult;
• in relation to the side of the body - left-sided or right-sided.
Signs of scoliosis
With an easy degree of deviation from the norm, the disease can be detected only accidentally, during a preventive medical examination, since it does not appear to be practically visible.
In more severe cases, the signs of scoliosis look like this:
• one shoulder is slightly down;
• the lower costal arches are also arranged asymmetrically to each other;
• tilt towards the upper part of the trunk;
• disruption of the lungs, heart, intestines;
• the patient experiences recurringPain in the thoracic spine, breathing difficulties or tingling in the hand. If the disease progresses, the curvature of the pathological slope may be 45-60 degrees, with somatic disorders such as pain in the heart as a result of left-sided scoliosis, in the liver-right-sided. Vascular pathology can also develop.
For more accurate diagnosis it is necessary to conduct special studies, such as roentgenography of the spine and computed tomography.
Diagnosis of scoliosis
Detail the degree of disease and measure the angleX-ray images help to distort the spine, and computer tomography makes it possible to identify the torsion of the vertebrae and the displacement of the internal organs.
With early diagnosis, that is, if a child's scoliosis is detected, the situation can be corrected with the help of a muscular skeleton or an orthopedic corset. But in adults, scoliosis is much harder to cure.
Stages of scoliosis
The place of curvature of the spine is called the primaryArc. In the direction of the arc, scoliosis is divided into left-sided and right-sided, which occurs much more often. At the beginning of the disease, deformations are hardly noticeable, but in the absence of proper measures they progress steadily.
Scoliosis has four stages of development:
• Light, at which the angle of curvature isUp to 10 degrees. It is considered quite imperceptible, since at this stage the signs of scoliosis are only slight asymmetry of the shoulders and waist. The patient himself may not notice his condition.
• Medium - the angle of curvature is from 10 to 25 degrees - is characterized by greater asymmetry of the neck and waist, which becomes noticeable
• Heavy - from 25 to 50 degrees - while the changes in the spine are quite pronounced and are almost irreversible
• Extremely heavy - curvature more than 50 degrees- while the patient is observed twisting and deformation of the ribs, which from the front cut into the chest, and from behind protrude with an arch, forming, thus, the rib hump. At this stage, the work of the heart and lungs is disrupted. Correction in this case is possible only with surgical intervention.
At the first stages of scoliosis, one arc is visibleCurvature, in which the spine looks like the letter C, and as the disease becomes more complicated, the angle of curvature increases. Subsequently, another arc is formed, which compensates for the load on the spine. As a result, the spine becomes similar to the letter S.
If the disease does not begin to heal in time, it progresses. But with early diagnosis and the use of adequate measures, scoliosis in the first stages can be cured.
Treatment of scoliosis consists of three stages:
1. active influence on the curvature,
2. procedures for correcting the curvature of the spine,
3. Final fixation of the correct position of the thoracic spine.
Because the treatment takes quite a bitTime, many patients, noticing improvement, stop to follow the doctor's recommendations. This contributes to the fact that the scoliosis after a while comes back. Therefore, you can not stop the necessary exercises until the disease recedes.
Treatment begins with osteopathy, during whichThe specialist restores the position of the thoracic vertebra. Also, sessions of therapeutic massage, which restores blood flow and metabolism in squeezed tissues, are prescribed.
As a method of struggle against scoliosis, therapeutic exercises, swimming, correction of posture are applied.
There is an opinion that it is also necessary to apply manual therapy, but not all physicians agree with this. Therefore, it is worth consulting with your doctor about this issue.
Medical treatment of scoliosis can not beSelf-sufficient, because it does not eliminate the symptoms and causes of the disease, but is only an auxiliary method that facilitates the alleviation of the disease. The same goes for physical procedures.
Exercises for scoliosis
To defeat this unpleasant disease, very muchIt is important to strengthen the posture, and this can be achieved with the help of simple exercises. To achieve the result, they must be performed daily. Here is an example of a simple charging system for the spine:
1. Take the initial position: sitting on a chair with a low stable back, put your hands »in the lock» on the back of your neck, bend backwards with your chest: inhale - deflection, on exhalation - incline. Repeat 4-5 times.
2. In the lying position on the floor, place a comfortable roller under the chest. ? Ukii by the head, to bend back back - on inhalation, to lift only the upper part of the body - on exhalation. Repeat 4-5 times.
3. Starting position: sitting or lying down. It is necessary to wrap the lower part of the chest with a towel, as if pulling the tissue down on itself - on inhalation, to loosen tension - on a slow exhalation. Repeat 7-11 times.
4. In a sitting or standing position, with your legs slightly apart. Straighten your arms above your head, right to clasp your left wrist. At the same time, lean to the left at the maximum, gently pull your right arm so that you feel the lateral muscles of the chest. It's the same with changing the foot. Repeat 5-10 times.
But one exercise is not enough to completely defeat the disease, so be sure to seek medical advice.
Surgery
In case of a child's illness, applySurgical intervention is quite dangerous, because a growing child's spine can »wrap around» the implant, thereby increasing deformity. But nothing can be done either. In such situations, there is one way out - one-step correction and fixation of the spine with a special implant, which lengthens as the spine grows.
From all of the above, we can conclude thatIt is easier to prevent illness than cure. So, make sure that your child is sitting at the table correctly and not stooping, moving more and eating well.
